Company Directory

The companies that hold the relationship with the player: they take the stake, hold the account, pay the winnings and carry the licence in each market they serve. Almost everything else in this directory exists to supply them.

The companies that design and build the games themselves, principally slots. They are paid a share of the revenue their games generate rather than a licence fee, which is why a studio's commercial fortunes depend on a small number of titles performing across many operators.

Businesses that run physical studios where dealers host games streamed to players in real time. The product is part broadcast operation and part casino floor, and it carries a cost structure closer to television than to software.

The systems layer: player account management, wallets, bonusing, reporting, compliance tooling, and the single integration that gives an operator access to thousands of games from hundreds of studios.

Companies that collect what happens in a match, turn it into priced markets, and sell both the feed and the risk management around it. They also sit at the centre of sporting integrity monitoring.

Processors, wallets and account-to-account providers that move deposits in and withdrawals out. Gambling is treated as high risk by the card networks, which is why the sector has its own specialist payment businesses.

Publishers that send players to operators and are paid by results, through revenue share, a fee per acquired customer, or a mixture of the two. In several markets they are now licensed in their own right.

Independent laboratories that test games, random number generators and platforms against each jurisdiction's technical standard. No licensed market accepts a game into service without a certificate from one of them.

Manufacturers of gaming machines, lottery systems and casino equipment, most of which now run digital divisions as well. The engineering and compliance culture of the online industry comes largely from this sector.